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What is a Urine Routine (Urine R/M) Test?
The Urine Routine and Microscopy (Urine R/M) test is a fundamental diagnostic tool used to evaluate the physical, chemical, and microscopic properties of your urine. Because your kidneys filter waste products from the blood, your urine carries vital clues about your internal health. A Urine R/M test is highly effective for detecting early signs of urinary tract infections (UTIs), kidney disorders, and metabolic conditions like diabetes — often before physical symptoms even appear.
What Does a Urine Routine Test Check?
A Urine R/M test analyses three aspects of your urine:
- Physical examination — colour, appearance, odour and specific gravity
- Chemical examination — pH, protein, glucose, ketones, bilirubin, urobilinogen, nitrites and blood
- Microscopic examination — red blood cells, white blood cells (pus cells), casts, crystals, bacteria and epithelial cells
The Importance of Urine Analysis
A routine urine examination provides a comprehensive overview of your genitourinary and metabolic health. Early detection through this test is critical for several reasons:
- Detecting UTIs — Identifies bacteria, nitrites and white blood cells (pus cells) that indicate an active urinary tract infection
- Kidney Health Monitoring — Screens for protein (albumin) or casts, which are early red flags for kidney inflammation or chronic kidney disease (CKD)
- Metabolic Screening — Detects glucose and ketones, which can signal undiagnosed diabetes or ketoacidosis
- Liver & Blood Disorders — Checks for bilirubin and urobilinogen, markers that help identify liver dysfunction or certain blood-related issues
Normal Urine Routine Reference Values
| Parameter | Normal Range |
|---|---|
| Colour | Pale yellow to amber |
| Appearance | Clear |
| pH | 4.5 – 8.0 |
| Specific Gravity | 1.005 – 1.030 |
| Protein | Absent or trace |
| Glucose | Absent |
| Ketones | Absent |
| Bilirubin | Absent |
| RBC (Red Blood Cells) | 0 – 2 per high power field |
| WBC / Pus Cells | 0 – 5 per high power field |
| Bacteria | Absent |
| Casts | Absent or occasional hyaline |
When is a Urine Routine Test Recommended?
Your doctor may recommend a Urine R/M test if you experience:
- Burning sensation or pain during urination
- Frequent or urgent urination
- Cloudy, foamy or blood-tinged urine
- Lower abdominal or back pain
- Unexplained fever or fatigue
- Swelling in the legs or ankles
- As part of a routine health checkup or diabetes monitoring
- Pre-surgery or pre-employment health screening
What Conditions Does Urine R/M Help Diagnose?
- Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)
- Kidney stones (nephrolithiasis)
- Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
- Glomerulonephritis (kidney inflammation)
- Diabetes mellitus (uncontrolled blood sugar)
- Diabetic nephropathy (kidney damage from diabetes)
- Liver disease and jaundice
- Dehydration
- Bladder infections and bladder cancer screening
How to Collect a Urine Sample Correctly
- First morning sample preferred — the most concentrated and accurate for most parameters
- Mid-stream collection — allow the first few drops to pass, then collect the middle portion in the sterile container provided
- Clean the area — wash the genital area with water before collection to avoid contamination
- Submit within 2 hours — urine samples should reach the lab within 2 hours of collection for accurate results
- Random samples also accepted — for urgent cases a random sample is acceptable
Urine Routine Test Price in Kolkata
Urine Routine (Urine R/M) Test Price: ₹180
No fasting required | First morning sample preferred | Free home collection above ₹2,000
No fasting required | First morning sample preferred | Free home collection above ₹2,000
Tests Commonly Ordered Alongside Urine R/M
If your Urine R/M shows abnormalities, your doctor may suggest follow-up tests:
- Urine Culture & Sensitivity — identifies the exact bacteria causing a UTI and which antibiotic will treat it
- Kidney Function Test (KFT) — assesses creatinine, urea and uric acid levels for kidney health
- Urine Microalbumin — detects early kidney damage in diabetic patients
- HbA1c — if glucose is detected in urine, to confirm diabetes
- Bilirubin (Total & Direct) — if bilirubin is elevated in urine
Home Collection for Urine Routine Test in Kolkata
Apollo Diagnostics provides home sample collection for Urine R/M tests across North and Central Kolkata. Our phlebotomist will provide a sterile collection container at your doorstep. The sample is then transported to our NABL-certified central laboratory for automated strip analysis and microscopic examination.
- Home collection available: 7:00 AM – 2:30 PM Daily
- Sterile container provided at your doorstep
- Free home collection on orders above ₹2,000
- Digital reports delivered to WhatsApp within a few hours
Quick Links
→ Apollo Diagnostics Nagerbazar → Full List of Individual Tests → Book Home Collection → Full Body Checkup Packages
→ Apollo Diagnostics Nagerbazar → Full List of Individual Tests → Book Home Collection → Full Body Checkup Packages
Frequently Asked Questions
Q1. What is a Urine Routine test used for?
A Urine Routine and Microscopy (Urine R/M) test is used to evaluate the physical, chemical and microscopic properties of urine. It helps detect urinary tract infections, kidney disorders, diabetes, liver disease and other metabolic conditions — often before symptoms appear.
Q2. What is the Urine Routine test price at Apollo Diagnostics Kolkata?
The Urine Routine (Urine R/M) test price at Apollo Diagnostics is ₹180. Home collection is available free on orders above ₹2,000.
Q3. Does the Urine Routine test require fasting?
No. The Urine Routine test does not require fasting. However, the first morning urine sample is preferred as it is the most concentrated and gives the most accurate results. Random samples are also accepted.
Q4. How should I collect a urine sample at home?
Clean the genital area with water before collection. Allow the first few drops of urine to pass, then collect the middle portion (mid-stream) in the sterile container provided by our phlebotomist. Submit the sample within 2 hours of collection for accurate results.
Q5. What does pus cells in urine mean?
Pus cells (white blood cells) in urine indicate an infection or inflammation in the urinary tract. A count of more than 5 pus cells per high power field is considered abnormal and usually indicates a urinary tract infection (UTI) that requires antibiotic treatment.
Q6. What does protein in urine mean?
Protein in urine (proteinuria) can indicate kidney damage or disease. Small amounts may be seen after heavy exercise or fever, but persistent protein in urine warrants further investigation with a Kidney Function Test (KFT) and Urine Microalbumin test.
Q7. What does glucose in urine mean?
Glucose in urine (glucosuria) often indicates that blood sugar levels are very high, which can be a sign of uncontrolled diabetes. If glucose is detected in your urine, your doctor will recommend a fasting blood sugar test or HbA1c to confirm.
Q8. Is home collection available for Urine Routine test in Kolkata?
Yes. Apollo Diagnostics provides home sample collection for Urine R/M tests across Dum Dum, South Dum Dum, Nagerbazar, Satgachi, Baguiati, Lake Town, Bangur, Kaikhali, Sealdah, Entally, Phoolbagan, Tangra and surrounding areas. Our phlebotomist provides a sterile container at your doorstep. Book by calling or WhatsApping +91 8660434628.
Q9. How long does it take to get Urine Routine test results?
Urine Routine test results are typically ready within a few hours of sample collection. Reports are delivered digitally to your WhatsApp or email.
Q10. Which centre processes my urine sample in Kolkata?
All samples collected across North and Central Kolkata are processed at Apollo Diagnostics Nagerbazar — Nandarani Apartment, 8A Narasingha Avenue, Nagerbazar, Dum Dum, Kolkata 700074. Our lab is NABL-certified and ISO-certified.
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